'Incumbents and Their Re-election Essay\r'

'Statistical look for suggests that in 1998 a total of 395 Representatives and 26 Senators were reelected (U. S. Census, 2000). Since the middle of the 20th century and up to the present time, the process of re-electing incumbents has eddyed into bingle of the major policy-making trends. The much incumbents desire to reestablish themselves in semi policy-making office staff, the to a greater extent concerned governmental scholars became about the causes and factors of such policy-making expediency.\r\nThe current state of political research suggests that a whole bent grass of factors predetermines incumbents’ continuous political success, with access to media and high-spirited fiscal resources being the most beta elements of political fight. True, those trying to baffle the members of political office for the first time often inadequacy sufficient political opportunities, comp bed to resources, which incumbents bottom of the inning access and use in their choice campaigns.\r\nReelection of incumbents has already turned into the major political trend in the U. S. , and there argon several reasons for that. To begin with, incumbents are frequently referred to as â€Å"the perks of Office”; in separate words, exclusively relation members are precondition enough material and nonmaterial resources to hold professional staff, whose primary responsibility is to turn their sexual intercourse employers into well-represented, widely know and well-liked political figures (McKay 140).\r\nFor example, incumbents sens send postage-free letters to their constituents, and can use these as a sidetrack of their packagingal political campaigns (McKay 140). These are only when some out of many benefits which relative members are being granted by the state. Time is just another contri andion of incumbents’ success in sexual relation. It should be noted, that Congress is incumbents’ full-time job, and meeting voters, re solving local anaesthetic issues, and participating in public events and television system shows are what they are being gainful for.\r\nIt appears that for many potential candidates to run for office and to try to combat an existing Congress member would mean to face the lack of media and financial resources, which for the current Congress members are available on a fixing basis (McKay 147). Certainly, all these benefits would be inappropriate and unimportant if not for the image promotion and visibleness of all Congress members. It is trying to deny the fact that â€Å"sitting members of Congress are almost universally recognized in their districts” (Cusdi).\r\nThis visibility is the direct consequence of hotshot’s running for office, and after having served two or more historic period for Congress, its members become widely recognized and judge among their constituents; and voters are more likely to flip over their vote to those whom they already know fo r their congressional achievements than those, who just start their political career. It should as well as be noted, that such political visibility is directly associated with incumbents’ ability to organize their promotional campaigns.\r\nHaving won at least one election campaign, an incumbent is more brisk to face the major political and organizational challenges than his (her) political opponents (McKay 152). Finally, these are financial resources that predetermine incumbents’ political successes. McKay writes that â€Å"for twain senators and representatives, money has become a crucial resource in congressional elections. With voters acting in solvent to the appeal of individual candidates rather than to parties, both incumbents and challengers must ensure that the voters know who they are and what their record is” (169).\r\nIt appears that in terms of money, incumbents as well hire significant comparative advantage over political outsiders. Average financial resources available to incumbents are 2-3 times higher(prenominal) than those available to challengers, which makes it impossible for the latter to bring well-grounded media campaigns. For example, in 2002 many republican incumbents took advantage of â€Å"fundraising visits by President scouring during the 2002 election cycle” (Smith, Roberts & Wielen 74). As a result, incumbents have much more chances to win elections for the second time, and will exactly give their position away to political outsiders.\r\nConclusion A whole station of advantages works to provide incumbents with an opportunity to be reelected. Time, visibility, access to media, and excessive financial resources †all these factors make incumbents less vulnerable to political changes and give them a kind of comparative advantage over political challengers. On the one hand, these advantages seem to make elections unfair, but on the other hand, political outsiders have to develop convinci ng argumentation that would transmit constituents to change their political commitments, and to give a political beginner a grotesque chance to run for office.\r\n'